致合伙人信(1965-11-01)
巴菲特合伙有限公司
BUFFETT PARTNERSHIP, LTD.
810 KIEWIT PLAZA
810 KIEWIT PLAZA
内布拉斯加州奥马哈 31 区
OMAHA 31, NEBRASKA
1965 年 11 月 1 日
November 1, 1965
致 1966 年合伙人:
To My Partners for 1966:
随函附上:
Enclosed are:
(1)1966 年承诺书一式两份,一份由你留存,一份寄回我处。你可以
(1) Two copies or the commitment letter for 1966, one to be kept by you and one returned to us. You may
修改承诺书的截止时间为 12 月 31 日午夜,所以请尽早寄回;若需改动,写信或来电告知即可。承诺书于 12 月 31 日最终定稿。每年 1 月的第一周,我都会接到不少电话,希望在 1 月 1 日的资本基础上再追加资金。这是办不到的。
(2)随函另附一份我们那份一向大受欢迎的《基本原则》。就其中所涉事项,你我务必看法一致。倘若你另有见解——无妨,你的想法或许更高明——但那样你就不该留在合伙企业里。请特别留意第 7 条原则。这一条是今年新增的,反映出我这段时间以来态度上的温和转变。它代表着一种颇为非传统的思路(但在我看来,用在我们的运作上是合乎逻辑的),故特此提请你注意。
任何提款均于 1 月 5 日支付。你可提取从 100 美元直至全部权益的任意金额。同样,追加也不限金额,但须在 1 月 10 日前送达我处。倘若你正打算处置什么资产,这就给了你一个机会,在税务上更有利时把交易安排在 1966 年内完成。追加款项若在 11 月送达,即视同预付款,从即日起按 6% 计息至年底;12 月送达的则不享此待遇。
合伙企业持有一家公开交易证券——伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的控股权益。正如我在年中信中所言,资产价值与盈利能力,才是左右一项企业控股权益估值的主导因素。至于决定少数股权估值的市场价格,在给控股权益定价时几乎无足轻重。年底我们将按净流动资产价值与账面价值之间的中间价,来评估我们在伯克希尔·哈撒韦的持仓。鉴于我们应收账款与存货的性质,这实际上等于把流动资产按每美元 100 美分、固定资产按每美元 50 美分计价。依我之见,这样的估值对追加与退出的合伙人都算公道,它既可能低于、也可能高于当时的市场价值。
在写下这封信时,我们正以相当令人满意的姿态运行。我们领先道琼斯指数的幅度远高于往年平均水平,即便是那些只会用净利润这类粗陋标尺的“穴居人”合伙人,也会觉得业绩尚可。当然,这一切到年底都还可能大幅变动。
若有任何需要说明之处,请致电或写信给约翰·哈丁,他专管为合伙人“排疑解惑”。
税务方面的情况与 8 月信中所报大致相同,若你想让约翰替你算一算,他会很乐意效劳。
顺致敬意,
沃伦·E·巴菲特
amend the commitment letter right up to midnight, December 31st. So get it back to us early, and if it needs to be changed, just let us know by letter or phone. Commitment letters become final on December 31st. Every year I get a number or calls in the first week in January expressing a desire to add to the January 1st capital. THIS CAN'T BE DONE. (2) A copy of our ever-popular "The Ground Rules." It is essential that we see eye-to-eye on the matters covered therein. If you have different views - fine, yours may be better - but you shouldn't be in the partnership. Please particularly note Ground Rule 7. This has been added this year reflecting a moderate shift in my attitude over a period of time. It represents a decidedly unconventional (but logical in my opinion when applied to our operation) approach and is therefore specifically called to your attention. Any withdrawals will be paid January 5th. You may withdraw any amount you desire from $100 up to your entire equity. Similarly, additions can be for any amount and should reach us by January 10th. In the event you are disposing of anything, this will give you a chance to have the transaction in 1966 if that appears to be advantageous for tax reasons. If additions reach us in November, they take on the status of advance payments and draw 6% interest until yearend. This is not true of additions reaching us in December. The partnership owns a controlling interest in Berkshire Hathaway Inc., a publicly-traded security. As mentioned in my midyear letter, asset values and earning power are the dominant factors affecting the valuation of a controlling interest in a business. Market price, which governs valuation of minority interest positions, is of little or no importance in valuing a controlling interest. We will value our position in Berkshire Hathaway at yearend at a price halfway between net current asset value and book value. Because of the nature of our receivables and inventory this, in effect, amounts to valuation of our current assets at 100 cents on the dollar and our fixed assets at 50 cents on the dollar. Such a value in my opinion is fair to both adding and withdrawing partners. It may be either of lower than market value at the time. As I write this, we are orbiting in quite satisfactory fashion. Our margin over the Dow is well above average, and even those Neanderthal partners who utilize such crude yardsticks as net profit would find performance satisfactory. This is all, of course, subject to substantial change by yearend. If anything needs clarification, call or write John Harding who is in charge of "de-confusing" partners. The tax situation is about as reported in the August letter, but if you would like John to make the calculation for you, he will be glad to do it. Cordially, Warren E. Buffett
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附言:对于最晚寄回承诺书的人,我们照旧奉行“无奖品”政策。你能尽快寄回,我们做起事来会轻松许多。日后(1 月 1 日前)若想改动,来个电话,我们替你改好便是。
P/S: We are continuing our "no prize" policy for the last ones to get their commitment letters back to us. It will make things easier for us if you get it back pronto. If you want to make changes later (before January lst), just give us a call, and we'll amend it for you.
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